The microstructure consists of primary austenite dendrites surrounded by a eutectic mixture of carbide particles and austenite. In hypoeutectic cast iron, 

The microstructure of white CI contains massive cementite (white) and pearlite. White cast iron derives its name from the white, crystalline crack surface observed when a casting fractures. Most white cast irons contain less than 4.3% carbon, with low silicon contents to inhibit the precipitation of carbon as graphite.

Hypoeutectic White Iron with 25%Cr after Heat Treatments It was found that both a refined microstructure and less interconnected 

1. Introduction1.1. Literature survey. MC type carbides of transition metals with NaCl crystal structure (cF8, face centred cubic) are very hard compounds with moderate costs , which can potentially be introduced to the microstructure of white cast irons (WCIs) to enhance their abrasion resistance.These include Ti, V, W, Zr, and Nb carbides.

Their microstructure is characterized by the presence of Cr-rich M 7 C 3 type carbides and a modifiable (ferrite, austenite, martensite) matrix.

2.As-cast microstructure design. The organization is dependent only on the chemical composition and cooling rate and is assured by the following major technical measures. Increasing carbon content can increase the volume of carbides in the microstructure on the one hand. On the other hand, it can avoid the low carbon martensite matrix left

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Keyword: Hardness, High Chromium White Cast Iron, Martempering, microstructure, quenching mediums. How to cite this article: A.H. Ataiwi and 

For better understanding of cast iron microstructure development, it's better to understand the phase diagram of Fe-Fe 3 C. We mentioned earlier, Cast Iron has carbon percentage in between 2wt% to 6.67 wt%. This region of 4.67 wt% carbon is divided into two sections divided by eutectic reaction line observable at 4.3 wt % carbon.

2022. 9. 8. · White iron is too brittle for use in many structural components, but with good hardness and abrasion resistance and relatively low cost, it finds use in such applications

High-chromium white iron with an as-cast austenitic matrix microstructure. With sufficient alloying with molybdenum, manganese, nickel, and copper, pearlitic transformation can be avoided in virtually any cast section. Martensitic structures can be obtained as-cast in heavy-section castings that cool slowly in the mold.

2022. 3. 2. · White Cast Iron. The microstructure of white cast iron is best observed after etching. Figure 17 shows a typical example after etching with 4% nital. Note the interdendritic cementite

White Iron is unalloyed cast iron with low carbon and silicon content such that the structure is hard brittle iron carbide with no free graphite. These irons are limited in application because of the lack of impact resistance and the difficulty in maintaining the structure in thicker sections.

Figure 1: High chromium iron microstructures in the as-cast; (a) with austenitic matrix mi crostructure, (b) With austenitic- martensitic matrix microstructure. Both at 500 X [ 19 ].

Pearlitic spheroidal graphite iron at magnification 200; White cast iron at magnification 100; Phosphoric grey cast iron at magnification 200; Each constituent and other structural feature

Microstructure of White cast Iron A typical microstructure of White cast iron with composition in Hypo-eutectic region is shown below; This microstructure is of white cast iron with 3-3.5 wt% C. In this microstructure, we clearly see two phases appearing in the microstructure.

The M7C3 carbides in high Cr white iron are the primary phases of hexagonal shape and can work as the "stoppers" to decrease the wear rate during the wear application [6]. Jingjing Qing, Mingzhi Xu. 2019. "Designing a Graphitic White Iron: Microstructures and Properties." AISTech Conference Proceedings Cleveland, PA. doi: 10.33313

Other articles where white iron is discussed: cast iron: either so-called gray iron or white iron, the colours shown by fracture. Gray iron contains more silicon and is less hard and more machinable than is white iron. Both are brittle, but a malleable cast iron produced by a prolonged heat treatment was developed in France in the 18th century,

The microstructure of the high boron white cast iron comprises a dendritic matrix and interdendritic eutectic boride M 2 B in as-cast condition, where M represents Cr, Fe, or Mn. The boride morphology is much like that of carbide in high chromium white cast iron, but its microhardness is higher than carbide.

2016. 9. 22. · The abrasive environment of your application, coupled with the microstructure of chrome white iron can result in drastic differences in the service life of your part. The design assistance phase must focus on determining which areas of application will sustain the greatest wear and how to ensure the highest quality casting is produced.

If for a low-silicon cast iron (less than 1.0% by weight Si) the carbon in the molten iron remains combined with iron in the form of iron carbide (cementite) it is called white cast iron (see Fig. 4).